Other Cardiac Complications Apnea has been shown to lead to chronic heart disease or cardiopulmonary failure, causing a buildup of toxins and acids in the blood. Hypoxemia (lowered oxygen), which results in lowered cardiac output, increases the risk of strokes or myocardial ischemia. It may also generate one or more types of irregular heartbeats, some [...]

1 Hypothesis BDD Is a nonspecific symptom that can occur in a wide variety of psychiatric disorders (such as schizophrenia, depression, or personality disorders) Medical Analogy BDD is like a fever 2 Hypothesis BDD is a symptom or form of another specific psychiatric disorder (not of a wide variety of psychiatric disorders, as proposed by [...]

Discoveries in brain physiology—new understanding of the structure and functioning of the brain, information not available to Freud—also make it difficult for some scientists to accept his concepts of dreaming. One school of thought holds, for example, that the very processes at work in the sleeping brain are themselves directly responsible for dream activity. In [...]